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S.D.N.Y.Procedural orderFiled Jan. 2, 2025

Diaz v. Garland

Judge
Garnett
Docket
1:24-cv-05553
Court
U.S. District Court · Southern District of New York
Pages
3
Civil Procedure
In one sentence

In Diaz v. Garland, Judge Garnett dismissed the case without prejudice because plaintiffs failed to serve defendants or follow court orders.

Who this affects

Jesenia Diaz and the other plaintiffs, whose case was dismissed without prejudice; Merrick Garland and the other defendants, who were never served according to the opinion.

What happened

In Jesenia Diaz, et al. v. Merrick Garland, et al., the plaintiffs filed a complaint but did not request summonses, serve the defendants, or comply with several court orders. The court warned that the case could be dismissed if they did not act.

More than 90 days passed without service, and the plaintiffs did not respond to the court’s deadlines. The court concluded that the prolonged failure to follow its orders justified dismissal for failing to move the case forward.

Judge Margaret M. Garnett dismissed Jesenia Diaz, et al. v. Merrick Garland, et al. without prejudice under Rules 4(m) and 41(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The court also terminated a pending motion to withdraw as moot and closed the case.

The detailed version

For law students, journalists, and other readers who want the full reasoning

Case
Diaz v. Garland · No. 1:24-cv-05553
Judge
Garnett
Date
Jan. 2, 2025

Background

Plaintiffs filed the complaint on July 29, 2024. They did not request issuance of summonses, file proof that they had served a court order, or serve the defendants. Plaintiffs also did not respond to two later court orders requiring them to request summonses by specified deadlines. Those orders warned that failure to comply would result in dismissal for failure to prosecute, meaning failure to move the case forward.

Plaintiffs’ counsel filed a motion to withdraw after plaintiffs retained new counsel, but the alleged new counsel did not file a notice of appearance. As of the date of the order, no summonses had been requested and the defendants had not been served.

Analysis

The court dismissed the action under Rule 4(m), which generally requires service on a defendant within 90 days after a complaint is filed. The court found that more than 90 days had passed and that plaintiffs had not even requested summonses. Because the court had twice warned plaintiffs about the consequences of failing to do so, it dismissed the action without prejudice under Rule 4(m).

The court also identified Rule 41(b) as an additional basis for dismissal. That rule allows a court to dismiss a case when a plaintiff fails to prosecute or fails to follow court orders. The court considered the length of plaintiffs’ inaction, their notice that dismissal could result, the court’s interest in managing its docket, and whether a lesser sanction would be adequate. It found that these considerations supported dismissal and that no sanction other than dismissal was adequate.

Disposition

Judge Margaret M. Garnett ordered that the case be dismissed without prejudice. The Clerk of Court was directed to terminate the motion to withdraw as moot and close the case. The order did not decide the underlying claims against the defendants.

The authoritative version

Read the full 3-page opinion on CourtListener, the free public archive maintained by the Free Law Project.

Open opinion PDF →
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