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S.D.N.Y.Procedural orderFiled Apr. 2, 2025

Neal v. 18 Susan CT LLC

Judge
Philip Halpern
Docket
7:25-cv-00703
Court
U.S. District Court · Southern District of New York
Pages
2
Civil ProcedurePro Se
In one sentence

In Neal v. 18 Susan CT LLC, Judge Halpern denied requests allowing self-representation and canceling the defendants’ default.

Who this affects

The order affected plaintiffs David Shaun Neal and Cathy Chan, defendant Michael Fernandes, and defendant 18 Susan CT LLC. It denied Fernandes’s attempt to represent the LLC without a lawyer and denied the request to cancel the defendants’ certificate of default.

What happened

In Neal v. 18 Susan CT LLC, David Shaun Neal and Cathy Chan sued 18 Susan CT LLC and Michael Fernandes. The plaintiffs obtained a court clerk’s certificate stating that the defendants had not responded by the deadline.

Fernandes later filed papers for himself and attempted to file papers for the LLC. The court denied the request for Fernandes to represent the LLC without a lawyer and denied the request to cancel the certificate of default. The court noted that Fernandes had not answered the complaint personally and that the LLC could appear in federal court only through a licensed attorney.

Judge Halpern said the plaintiffs planned to seek a default judgment on liability and ordered them to follow the court’s procedures by May 2, 2025.

The detailed version

For law students, journalists, and other readers who want the full reasoning

Case
Neal v. 18 Susan CT LLC · No. 7:25-cv-00703
Judge
Philip Halpern
Date
Apr. 2, 2025

Background

David Shaun Neal and Cathy Chan brought the action against 18 Susan CT LLC and Michael Fernandes on January 23, 2025. On March 18, 2025, the plaintiffs obtained a Clerk’s Certificate of Default against the defendants.

On March 31, 2025, Fernandes filed a notice stating that he was appearing without a lawyer for himself. He also filed what purported to be a notice of appearance for 18 Susan CT LLC. An answer filed by the LLC “by its managing member, Michael Fernandes” was also docketed.

Rulings

The court denied, to the extent the filings requested it, Fernandes’s request to appear without a lawyer on behalf of 18 Susan CT LLC. The court explained that a corporation, as an artificial entity, may appear in federal court only through a licensed attorney and may not represent itself.

The court also denied, to the extent the filings requested it, the request to cancel the Clerk’s Certificate of Default entered against the defendants. The court noted that Fernandes had not filed an answer to the complaint on his own behalf.

Next Step

The plaintiffs had indicated that they intended to move for a default judgment as to liability. The court ordered the plaintiffs to comply strictly with Individual Practices Rule 4(B) for obtaining a default judgment against the defendants by May 2, 2025.

The authoritative version

Read the full 2-page opinion on CourtListener, the free public archive maintained by the Free Law Project.

Open opinion PDF →
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