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N.D. Cal.Procedural orderFiled May 5, 2025

Iliya v. United States Marshalls Service

Judge
Thomas Hixson
Docket
3:24-cv-03720
Court
U.S. District Court · Northern District of California
Pages
6
Civil ProcedurePro Se
In one sentence

In Iliya v. United States Marshals Service, Judge Hixson dismissed the case without prejudice because Iliya repeatedly failed to meet deadlines and prosecute it.

Who this affects

Dauda Iliya’s case against the United States Marshals Service and the other named defendants was dismissed without prejudice; the court did not decide the underlying constitutional or religious-liberty claims.

What happened

In Iliya v. United States Marshals Service, Dauda Iliya alleged that courthouse security officers required him to remove a religious cap before entering the clerk’s office. He represented himself.

Iliya did not respond to the Marshals Service’s motion to dismiss or to the court’s third order requiring him to explain his failures. The court therefore dismissed the case for failing to prosecute it and follow court deadlines, without deciding the underlying claims.

Judge Thomas S. Hixson ruled that at least four factors supported dismissal, including Iliya’s repeated missed deadlines and the court’s unsuccessful efforts to obtain a response. The dismissal was without prejudice.

The detailed version

For law students, journalists, and other readers who want the full reasoning

Case
Iliya v. United States Marshalls Service · No. 3:24-cv-03720
Judge
Thomas Hixson
Date
May 5, 2025

Background

Dauda Iliya, who represented himself, sued the United States Marshals Service and other defendants. He alleged that security officers at the entrance to the Ronald V. Dellums Federal Courthouse in Oakland, California, required him to remove a religious cap before allowing him to enter the clerk’s office to file documents. His amended complaint asserted claims under the First and Fifth Amendments and the Religious Freedom Restoration Act.

The Marshals Service moved to dismiss the amended complaint. Iliya did not respond. The court issued a third order requiring him to explain why the case should not be dismissed for failing to prosecute the case and comply with court deadlines. The order required a response by April 21, 2025, and warned that the case could be dismissed if he did not respond. No response was received.

Legal Standard

The court explained that it may dismiss a case for failure to prosecute or failure to follow court orders. It considered five factors: the public’s interest in resolving cases promptly, the court’s need to manage its docket, possible prejudice to the defendants, whether less severe measures were available, and the public policy favoring decisions on the merits.

Court’s Analysis

The court found that the first four factors supported dismissal. Iliya repeatedly failed to respond to motions and court orders, failed to meet the deadline to file an amended complaint, and gave no explanation for his failure to respond to the pending motion or the third show-cause order. The court had already issued three show-cause orders and given him multiple opportunities to explain and correct the problem.

The court found that the policy favoring decisions based on the underlying claims was neutral at best because Iliya’s conduct had prevented the case from moving forward. The court stated that at least four of the five factors favored dismissal. It did not decide whether Iliya’s claims were legally valid.

Disposition

Judge Thomas S. Hixson dismissed the case WITHOUT PREJUDICE for failure to prosecute and failure to comply with the court’s deadlines and orders. The court explained that dismissal without prejudice preserved a plaintiff’s ability to seek relief while minimizing prejudice to a defendant.

The authoritative version

Read the full 6-page opinion on CourtListener, the free public archive maintained by the Free Law Project.

Open opinion PDF →
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