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S.D.N.Y.Procedural orderFiled Jan. 7, 2021

Funes v. The City of New York

Judge
Jesse Furman
Docket
1:18-cv-09558
Court
U.S. District Court · Southern District of New York
Pages
3
Civil ProcedureDiscoveryPro Se
In one sentence

In Funes v. City of New York, Judge Furman dismissed the case without prejudice after Funes failed to comply with discovery orders and prosecute it.

Who this affects

Frederick Funes’s case was dismissed without prejudice after he failed to comply with discovery orders and the court’s orders requiring him to explain his failure to proceed. The defendants were permitted to close the case, subject to the dismissal being without prejudice.

What happened

Funes v. City of New York involved Frederick Funes’s failure to respond to the defendants’ document requests and interrogatories after the court ordered him to do so.

The court extended Funes’s deadlines, warned several times that continued noncompliance could lead to dismissal, and ordered him to explain why the case should not be dismissed. Funes did not show good cause or otherwise indicate an intention to continue the lawsuit.

Judge Jesse M. Furman dismissed the case without prejudice for failure to prosecute. The clerk was directed to close the case, and the defendants were directed to mail Funes a copy of the order.

The detailed version

For law students, journalists, and other readers who want the full reasoning

Case
Funes v. The City of New York · No. 1:18-cv-09558
Judge
Jesse Furman
Date
Jan. 7, 2021

Background

Defendants moved to compel Frederick Funes, who was proceeding without a lawyer, to respond to their first set of document requests and interrogatories. The court granted that motion and ordered Funes to provide his responses by September 4, 2020. After receiving a letter from Funes, the court extended the deadline to October 5, 2020, and warned that failing to correct the discovery problems could result in sanctions, including dismissal of the complaint.

Funes did not correct the deficiencies. On October 22, 2020, the court ordered him to show cause—meaning to explain—within thirty days why the complaint should not be dismissed for failure to prosecute under Rule 41(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The court warned that failure to show good cause or otherwise indicate an intention to proceed could result in dismissal. Funes did not respond. Defendants moved to dismiss, but the court denied that motion without prejudice and gave Funes one final thirty-day extension to comply with the show-cause order. Funes still did not show good cause, and defendants renewed their motion to dismiss on December 29, 2020.

Court’s Reasoning

The court explained that federal courts may dismiss a case for failure to prosecute, but that dismissal is a severe sanction reserved for extreme circumstances. Courts consider the length of the failure to comply, whether the plaintiff received notice that dismissal could result, possible prejudice to defendants, the court’s need to manage its docket compared with the plaintiff’s opportunity to be heard, and whether a less severe sanction was considered.

The court found that Funes had known of his duty to respond to discovery since at least the order compelling his responses. He had also received repeated warnings that noncompliance could result in dismissal. The court concluded that his apparent total unwillingness to comply warranted dismissal. Because Funes was proceeding without a lawyer, however, the court determined that dismissal without prejudice was more appropriate than dismissal with prejudice.

Disposition

The case was dismissed without prejudice for failure to prosecute. The defendants were ordered to promptly mail Funes a copy of the order and file proof of service. The clerk was directed to terminate the renewed motion and close the case.

The authoritative version

Read the full 3-page opinion on CourtListener, the free public archive maintained by the Free Law Project.

Open opinion PDF →
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