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S.D.N.Y.Procedural orderFiled Apr. 24, 2025

Davidson v. Office of Court Administration

Judge
Paul Gardephe
Docket
1:22-cv-08936
Court
U.S. District Court · Southern District of New York
Pages
3
Civil Procedure
In one sentence

In Davidson v. Office of Court Administration, Judge Figueredo denied Davidson’s second motion seeking her recusal because it provided no supporting facts.

Who this affects

Ronald Davidson’s request for the recusal of Magistrate Judge Valerie Figueredo was denied; the order did not resolve the underlying claims in the case.

What happened

In Davidson v. Office of Court Administration, Ronald Davidson asked for the recusal of one of the two judges assigned to his case. Because he did not identify which judge he meant, the court treated the motion as seeking Magistrate Judge Valerie Figueredo’s recusal. The opinion notes that Davidson had previously sought recusal and that request was denied.

Davidson’s second motion referred to Goldberg v. Kelly and to the Nuremberg Laws, but gave no facts showing personal bias or that the judge’s impartiality could reasonably be questioned. The court explained that those statements did not provide a legal basis for recusal.

Judge Valerie Figueredo denied the motion and directed the Clerk of Court to terminate it from the docket. The opinion does not decide the underlying claims in the case.

The detailed version

For law students, journalists, and other readers who want the full reasoning

Case
Davidson v. Office of Court Administration · No. 1:22-cv-08936
Judge
Paul Gardephe
Date
Apr. 24, 2025

Background

Ronald Davidson filed a second motion to recuse on April 16, 2025. Because the motion did not identify which of the two judges assigned to the case it targeted, Magistrate Judge Valerie Figueredo construed it as a request for her recusal. The opinion states that Davidson had filed an earlier recusal motion on January 20, 2025, which the court denied on February 20, 2025.

Davidson’s second motion cited Goldberg v. Kelly and referred to the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 and the Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States Courthouse. The opinion states that he provided no other basis for recusal.

Legal standards

The court discussed 28 U.S.C. § 144, which addresses recusal based on a party’s claim that a judge has personal bias or prejudice. It also discussed 28 U.S.C. § 455(a), which requires recusal when a judge’s impartiality might reasonably be questioned. Under the standards described in the opinion, a recusal request must identify facts supporting personal bias or a significant, objectively reasonable doubt about the judge’s impartiality. Bias ordinarily must arise from conduct outside the judicial proceedings rather than from the judge’s rulings or conduct in the case.

Court’s reasoning

The court concluded that Davidson had not identified facts supporting recusal. It also concluded that Goldberg v. Kelly did not provide a legal basis for recusal because that decision concerns whether a state may terminate public-assistance payments without first providing an evidentiary hearing. The opinion did not find that Davidson’s references to Goldberg or the Nuremberg Laws established bias or an appearance of partiality.

Disposition

The court denied Davidson’s motion to recuse, to the extent it sought Magistrate Judge Figueredo’s recusal. It directed the Clerk of Court to terminate the letter motion at docket entry 135. This order addressed the recusal request and did not decide the underlying claims against the defendants.

The authoritative version

Read the full 3-page opinion on CourtListener, the free public archive maintained by the Free Law Project.

Open opinion PDF →
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